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Generally a skulker in dense low cover, the Lincoln's Sparrow often goes unnoticed during migration and winter — especially in the East, where it is quite uncommon. In the West, birders soon learn to find it by its hard chep call note in the bushes. Even where they are common, the Lincoln's Sparrow tends to be solitary, not joining flocks. The musical song of the males is heard in summer in willow thickets of the North and the Mountain West.